That's too broad a stroke for my blood. No doubt much of it was taken as literal history but not necessarily all of it. Maimonides, for example, felt that the first dozen or so "chapters" in Genesis should not be taken as literal history as parts may well be allegorical.
Maimonides is quite late in the historical perspective from when Genesis and Exodus. Well ah . . . up to 40% of the Christians disagree with you concerning this later-day jerry-rigged interpretation. Evidence indicates that all ancient cultures pretty much believed what they wrote as history and religious beliefs. The authors of the NT wrote in literal terms that they believed in Adam and Eve myth and Noah and the Flood. For example, the Egyptians believed what they wrote of their history and Gods as recorded in their temples.
My comments dealt with the creation accounts as likely being allegorical by original intent, and probably much the same holds true of the Flood narratives. Since there were references in other books that deal with them as being actual history, that could have developed later in Torah.
This is unfounded speculation that the original authors believed they were allegorical and not literal. It was not until the 18th and 19th centuries that there was any significant disagreement that the accounts were not in some way literal. Even pretty much all the Church Fathers including Saint Augustine considered Genesis and Exodus in some way literal, but allowed for a greater age than the literal interpretation.
Anthropological Studies of Primitive Cultures that exist today demonstrate that they believe in their oral and written Creation myths. Evidence indicates that the Gilgamesh literature began as oral history handed down before it was in written form. The Hebrew Creation myths and flood mythology evolved from these earlier written and oral traditions. Actually, the Flood myth likely evolved from an older oral story of a documented and dated catastrophic flood of the Tigris Euphrates valley by geologic evidence. At the time it was obvious to those affected the flood was a world flood from their perspective.
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