Now, getting further into this - you cannot really defame a religion nor can you inflict libel by mocking religious figures and symbols and so I feel that you are conflating satire with hate speech and incitement here. I also think that you are misidentifying the target of those cartoons - see, none of those cartoons actually targets the individual Moslem but rather, they were aimed at mocking religious symbols as well as some of the non sensical beliefs of a belief system - such as one which deems it illegal, and punishable by death, if one was to draw the prophet of Islam. I can't think of an idea which is more deserving of ridicule - can you? (death for those who leave their faith may give it a good run for its money though).
So, I actually do not see this bizarre parallel being made with the mocking of the founder of a religion and the unsavoury aspects of a religions precepts as being a personal attack on Moslems. If said individual Moslem, who was not the specific target, chooses to be offended then they do so at their own volition, but they are accountable for their response - not the cartoonists.
If you really do believe that mocking Islam is hate speech then in order to remain credible I presume that you also see the attacks on Christianity, which has been mocked to a greater extent than Islam by Charlie Hebdo, as being an example of hate against Christians?? Assuming your answer is a given, therefore, I ask quite seriously - how on earth is one to mock any Religion if said mockery is hate speech? If we take your argument to its logical conclusion it will inevitably suggest that you believe there should be deference to all religions - unless you are arguing that one particular faith is to be put beyond criticism and so be given special treatment therefore by its very definition putting it above all other faiths?
Thus, I believe your argument ends with a protective veneer being applied to belief systems per se and that is a very dangerous thing to do, it is a road which leads to Tyranny and takes us all the way back to the pre-enlightened times of theocracy. Free speech is our fundamental protection which allows us to scrutinise values, if we lose this important check point then how can we possibly hope to protect ourselves from the obvious dangers which can eminate from dangerous ideas which can be allowed to foster into something else?
It was for this reason that Charlie Hebdo sought to protect the boundaries of our freedom by not allowing themselves to be subjected to blasphemy laws of a faith which wants to say what our society can and can't be - they fully well knew what was at stake. And in being an equal opportunities offender, they realised that by subjecting Islam to the same treatment as everyone else would bring about the urgently needed taming and domesticating of this faith with the effect of breaking this absurd taboo of discussing Islam, thereby bringing it within the sphere of legitimate social commentary, critique and debate. Just like the rest.