That has yet to be determined, mainly because 1) research in dynamical systems in only a few decades old, 2) the focus on dynamical systems has been how we can approximate future states or model the systems (which precludes systems for which this is not possible) and 3) there are multiple researchers whose work in dynamical systems suggests that at a certain level of complexity, the system itself determines the outcome, not the initial conditions.
Again:
"The first major challenge to determinism within the context of dynamical structures of physical systems came with quantum mechanics: here, the brilliant description of the behavior of a single quantum particle in terms of the linear Schrödinger differential equation is perfectly deterministic, but a special form of indeterminism emerges in the presence of measurement of the particles observables. When a measuring apparatus interacts with a quantum system, the systems state jumps discontinuously and nondeterministically into one of its so-called eigenstates, which is completely different from, and not reducible to, the state prescribed by Schrödingers equation."
"Clearly, the strong dynamical coupling of macro-objects to their natural environment cannot simply be ignored. Because of the non-local properties of quantum states, a consistent description of some phenomenon in quantum terms must finally include the entire universe. Similar arguments can be put forward in classical physics, where it has been known for a long time that most systems are severely influenced by the rest of the world. However, the new holistic properties of entangled states require one to consider matters from another viewpoint, that of quantum physics. The properties of the ordinary objects of our experience precisely those that we call macroscopic are now seen not to be inherent in these objects. Instead, they emerge from, or are created by, irreversible interactions with the environment. In this way the local classical properties with which we are so familiar have their origin in the nonlocality of (entangled) quantum states. The properties of the interaction decide which properties become classical. For example, objects appear localized in space, since these interactions typically depend on position. It should be evident by now that classical properties can be seen to emerge from the quantum world only after decoherence has properly been taken into account
-Zoltan Domotor
The Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics implies that the world is nondetermistic quantum causation is not so easy to square with popular philosophical theories of causation. Effects of quantam causes often have neither necessary nor sufficient conditions of their occurrence. On the Copenhagen Interpretation, a quantum cause may be connected to its effect by no spatiotemporally continuous process. Some cases perplex causal intuitions as well as theories of causation. Philosophers who wish to understand causation have much to learn from quantum mechanics."
-Richard Healey
The Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics implies that the world is nondetermistic quantum causation is not so easy to square with popular philosophical theories of causation. Effects of quantam causes often have neither necessary nor sufficient conditions of their occurrence. On the Copenhagen Interpretation, a quantum cause may be connected to its effect by no spatiotemporally continuous process. Some cases perplex causal intuitions as well as theories of causation. Philosophers who wish to understand causation have much to learn from quantum mechanics."
-Richard Healey
"Clearly, the strong dynamical coupling of macro-objects to their natural environment cannot simply be ignored. Because of the non-local properties of quantum states, a consistent description of some phenomenon in quantum terms must finally include the entire universe. Similar arguments can be put forward in classical physics, where it has been known for a long time that most systems are severely influenced by the rest of the world. However, the new holistic properties of entangled states require one to consider matters from another viewpoint, that of quantum physics. The properties of the ordinary objects of our experience precisely those that we call macroscopic are now seen not to be inherent in these objects. Instead, they emerge from, or are created by, irreversible interactions with the environment. In this way the local classical properties with which we are so familiar have their origin in the nonlocality of (entangled) quantum states. The properties of the interaction decide which properties become classical. For example, objects appear localized in space, since these interactions typically depend on position. It should be evident by now that classical properties can be seen to emerge from the quantum world only after decoherence has properly been taken into account
One other and perhaps the most prevalent method for sweeping the interpretive problems under the carpet is simply to assume, or rather postulate, that quantum theory is only a theory of micro-objects, whereas in the macroscopic realm per decree (or should I say wishful thinking?) a classical description has to be valid. Such an approach leads to the endlessly discussed paradoxes of quantum theory. These paradoxes arise only because this particular approach is conceptually inconsistent, and it remains inconsistent even when its advocates appeal to notions such as dualism and complementarity to help with the difficulties. In addition, micro and macro-objects are so strongly dynamically coupled that we do not even know where the boundary between the two supposed realms could possibly be found."
-Erich Joos
-Erich Joos
