Bear Wild
Well-Known Member
Equating traditions like guising ( or later trick or treat) with offerings to the dead seems a bit of a stretch to me.
They emerge too late to represent pagan traditions, and have clear parallels as generic celebrations of festivals at other times of the year.
This is the same with most of these supposedly pagan traditions, there is just too long a gap between their emergence and the earlier decline of paganism.
There is likely some degree of residual cultural influence as nothing emerges from a vacuum, but this is generally indirect and simply one part of a much larger mix.
There are also a lot of odd things in Medieval and early modern Christianity that seem a bit alien to us now, but did have symbolism and meaning back then and reflect their cultural creativity rather than borrowings from an earlier age.
In America the tradition really seems to start after the large scale immigration of the Irish because of the potato famine. So the tradition was imported by Christians and not pagans, but the Christianization of Ireland particularly in western Ireland was peaceful and also accommodated many pre-Christian beliefs and rituals. There are amazing old recordings of interviews with older Irish people describing their relationship with otherworld beings. These relationships were indigenous remnants considered not important enough to eliminate by the church. There is no evidence that these pre-conversion rituals were imported from Rome for the people. I believe it is clear enough to see that these were the remnant pagan rituals adapted to the new catholic church.
In addition we can see from other indigenous non-Christian religions the importance of masks, shapeshifting and offerings to the other than human beings. This is a very indigenous practice whereas the Christian religion was very transcendent. In fact there is quite amazing documentation of how ubiquitous this is in religions of the remaining indigenous culture. Thus Halloween imported from Ireland by Christians clearly has roots in their pre-Christian indigenous past. Pagan as used by the church referred to the country dwellers who were retaining their pre-Christian rituals.
Ronald Hutton who is a pagan came to the conclusion the paganism as an active religion ultimately died out in Celtic Isles and claimed anyone saying they are pagan are doing so as a new religion and not from some unbroken line. of an old one. That does not mean that everything “pagan” was lost. Fortunately for us pagans one can learn from the residual relationships to the land and otherworld which were preserved best in the two Islands that were the farthest from Rome – Ireland and Iceland. In addition, we are thankful that any of the myths were preserved by the Christians – again more completely in the most remote areas from Rome.
So the modern Halloween practices in the us have roots through the Irish who maintained many ritual connections to the land. So a person who wants to celebrate Halloween as a pagan celebrating relationships with the land and otherworld beings can feel comfortable they are enjoying a pagan Halloween.