(continued from above)
So -It does state that the lake of fire -and torment within it CAN BE -and IS a permanent state for some, but can that potentially permanent state be changed if certain conditions are met?
Essentially, God is saying that he has the power to do this -and that he will do this -to illustrate the utter futility of doing evil to those who will not do good simply because it is the right thing to do -to declare that under no circumstances will evil be allowed into eternity, and that causing others harm is not without severe consequence... which raises questions about how these people being in torment eternally might affect those not being tormented -eternally -if indeed this is the case.
So what could possibly change to avoid this being a permanent state?
1) The one being tormented.
2) God's will to continue tormenting them.
Does what is written allow for either of these? Let's see...
God does not go back on his word, but his word often includes a way to avoid any unpleasant things he has purposed that beings might experience... such as...
Jer 18:7 At what instant I shall speak concerning a nation, and concerning a kingdom, to pluck up, and to pull down, and to destroy it;
Jer 18:8 If that nation, against whom I have pronounced, turn from their evil, I will repent of the evil that I thought to do unto them.
and...
Joe 2:11 And the LORD shall utter his voice before his army: for his camp is very great: for he is strong that executeth his word: for the day of the LORD is great and very terrible; and who can abide it?
Joe 2:12 Therefore also now, saith the LORD, turn ye even to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning:
Joe 2:13 And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God: for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repenteth him of the evil.
Joe 2:14 Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him....
God does not WANT to kill anyone -much less torment them. (Eze 33:11 Say unto them, As I live, saith the Lord GOD, I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked; but that the wicked turn from his way and live: turn ye, turn ye from your evil ways; for why will ye die, O house of Israel?)
God wants everyone to do the right thing and live forever in happiness. God created us with the ability to refuse to obey him -which is a by-product of giving us true creativity -which requires the ability to make choices. He knew this could lead to some very unfortunate things, but also knew it could be reversed. HOWEVER, because we have a choice we must choose to reverse it in ourselves. The being initially called Lucifer was created within a perfect system. All creatures obeyed God -even him. The potential for disobedience -and so destruction (which is WHY sin is bad -it destroys the perfect system) -was only a choice away. All creatures could have continued to obey God -two thirds of the angels did not rebel - but the potential for disobedience would remain. Only experiencing the misery and destruction disobedience causes -by direct or indirect example -could eventually eradicate the potential for disobedience -but this requires that those who actually DO evil eventually TURN AGAIN -REPENT.
So, Lucifer got it in his head that God was trying to keep him from becoming greater by keeping him from "knowing evil" -and becoming wise. So he disobeyed -and also convinced the third of the angels for which he was responsible to disobey.
They staged a coup -actually tried to dethrone God -but it was put down. These sinning angels -the "demons" -were then restrained, and do only as God allows them. I'm discussing this to illustrate God's mercy. It might be assumed that these demons were 'doomed' or something, but God sent the Word (the being who eventually became Christ) to preach to these angels even after they had sinned...
....but quickened by the Spirit:
1Pe 3:19 By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison;
1Pe 3:20 Which sometime were disobedient, when once the longsuffering of God waited in the days of Noah...
(Some believe this refers to dead people in purgatory, but it refers to these....
Jud 1:6 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. This state of restraint is called tartaros -also translated "hell" in the bible [2 Pet 2:4] -but is very different from gehenna -hades and sheol are also translated "hell", but refer to the grave.)
Anyway, God wants them to do rightly, but has them restrained until "the judgment". Still, he actually works with them. He does not instruct them to do wrong, but allows them to do it at times -even to affect mankind -eventually for the good of all. God allowed Job to suffer greatly at the hand of Satan -but few stop to realize it was God who brought up the subject of Job to Satan -which started the whole thing. God was not only trying to teach Job a lesson -but Satan as well...
Job 1:8 And the LORD said unto Satan, Hast thou considered my servant Job......?
My point is that God's mercy never fails. As long as someone is alive, if they will to obey God, they can -and he will be merciful. He will do everything possible to help them make the right choice -but his longsuffering will not continue indefinitely. We either eventually choose to obey -or be cast into the lake of fire. If we are cast there and then repent -why would he keep us there? It is written that some -the fearful and unbelieving, etc.. will have their PART in the lake of fire. If they are saved -yet so as by fire -so be it. If we are cast there and still do not repent -and have done some seriously dastardly deeds, why would he torment us any longer than it takes to quench his wrath and not simply destroy us so that no one has to think about it any longer? It remains to be seen what WILL happen, because WILL is a factor in all of this, but it WILL happen if we WON'T obey him. If some are simply never going to change, it is possible that they be totally destroyed -but this is God's choice -perhaps he would not destroy one who would not change unless they themselves willed it. (Even if he decreed that some be tormented eterrnally, he may have reserved the right to change that decree. He's God after all -he does not go against his word, but neither would he allow something he might regret to not be able to be undone -assuming he would allow such in the first place.) The fact is that NONE OF THIS HAS HAPPENED YET -AND, IF WE REPENT, IT NEED NOT HAPPEN AT ALL. Perhaps standing on the edge of the lake of fire will be enough for some -some might not even need that much. At that point it will be certain that both God the lake of fire are quite real -no room for doubt might be enough for some. Some might need a good reality check in the flames -there have been some nasty charcters throughout human history. Some respond to reason and gentle preaching, but some might not respond to anything but such a fiery ultimatum -if they respond at all.
Remember also that there is some all-inclusive and permanent-sounding language on the other side of the issue, such as...
1Co 15:21 For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead.
1Co 15:22 For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.
1Co 15:23 But every man in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ's at his coming.
1Co 15:24 Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he shall have put down all rule and all authority and power. 1Co 15:25 For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet.
1Co 15:26 The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death.
Rev 20:13 And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.
Rev 20:14 And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death.
1Co 15:54 So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory.
1Co 15:55 O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory?
It is all true -all real -and all still a choice!
This is by no means a complete answer -I do hope you research it yourself.
As for how the concept got to where it is today -misunderstanding of scripture, errors in understanding being passed on, scripture being confused with various other ideas and works of fiction -people simply making stuff up -and much, much more.