intelligent design is a less comprehensive alternative to evolutionary theory.
Which raises the question what "Intelligent Design" is supposed to be. "Alternative to evolutionary theory"
how?
My opinion is that ID is still a viable possibility regarding how things (including biological things) came to be as they are.
It's an answer to a philosophical question. But what it
isn't is a
scientific theory.
ID's not being science doesn't necessarily imply that it's
wrong. Just that it's arguably inappropriate for secondary school science classes.
While evolution relies upon detailed, well-defined processes such as mutation and natural selection, ID offers no descriptions of the design process or the designer.
Yes. ID as it currently stands is
extraordinarily uninformative. It basically waves its arm at the surrounding world and says "A miracle happened..."
Explanations succeed by reducing the unknown to the known. They fail when they just mystify things. We walk in with a question and walk out with knowledge that constitutes an answer to the question. (How explanation works is still an open question in epistemology and the philosophy of science.)
But just saying "God did it...", without any explanation of what this 'God' is supposed to be, or how this hypothetical miraculous agent supposedly "did it", doesn't tell us a whole lot. We would also seem to need some account of how mortals like us can know any of this stuff, something better than another wave of the hand with the word "revelation".
ID does create an opportunity to associate its purported "explanation" with theistic myth (whichever one the ID proponent favors, whether Abrahamic or not). And perhaps more importantly, it reintroduces the idea of
purpose back into our accounts of origins, something that modern science seems intent on draining out of our contemporary worldview.
In fact, proponents do not even agree among themselves as to which biological phenomena were designed and which were not.
It seems to me that if ID were applied consistently, it wouldn't just be restricted to biological phenomena but would apply to all of reality. Many Muslims seem much more inclined to do that, attributing everything that happens to the will of God.
Occasionalism in early modern European philosophy did the same.
I should probably point out that contemporary science isn't really a whole lot better off. It attributes everything to the operation of so-called "laws of physics" but it seems incapable of explaining where those 'laws' originally come from, how they operate, or why they are as they are. Even the word "laws" evokes the early modern theistic origins of the idea, the idea of the initial laws of creation were pronounced by God. Today atheism has swept away God but left behind God's Laws like the Cheshire Cat's Grin in
Alice.
So it seems to me that ID proponents would be well advised to turn their attention away from biological origins towards the origin of reality itself. Many of our atheists are physical determinists such that everything that happens is supposedly determined by the laws of physics and by initial conditions. Which seemingly makes everything that subsequently happens anywhere in the universe a function of the laws of physics and the initial conditions at the origin event, the Big Bang. And nobody can explain any of that.
So some possibility would still seem to be on the table that these were initially selected and embody some kind of purpose such that the universe will turn out some particular way at some particular time, even in its smallest details. All determined at the beginning. (That's why I'm inclined to perceive physical determinism as a species of creationism.)
Ultimately, this “theory” amounts to nothing more than pointing to holes in evolution and responding with a one-word, unceasingly repeated mantra: “design.” But unless ID advocates fill in the details, there is no way to scientifically test intelligent design or make predictions from it for future research. In short, it is not valid science.
Yes, I agree. What ID lacks, the thing that would make it an actual science, is a
research program capable of producing testable predictions.
Of course trying to knock holes in the idea of biological evolution by natural selection isn't without scientific value. It would seem to represent Popperian-style attempts at
falsification. Science
needs that and can't be allowed to become a matter of enforced group-think where any expression of skepticism can destroy careers. (I fear that we might be edging towards that.)
But all in all, I'm inclined to perceive "ID" as a philosophical rather than a scientific proposition. That doesn't mean that it's
wrong necessarily, just that
it isn't natural science. Even if it can somehow, someday discredit Darwin and evolution by natural selection, ID won't become a true scientific alternative until it has something to put in Darwin's place. Religious myth won't do. A mere philosophical possibility won't suffice.