OK they found an "infant - a baby girl that lived about 30,000 years ago! For reference the last ice age ended about 20,000 years ago." (She was very well preserved well in ice)
"WIlliam Goodwin, Ph.D. from the University of Glasgow commented, "It is something of a mystery how this child's remains were so perfectly preserved.... Normally you only get material with this degree of preservation in material from permafrost areas." Source: William Goodwin. "Rare Tests on Neanderthal Infant Sheds Light on Early Human Development," Science News (April 4, 2000). Available at
Rare Tests On Neanderthal Infant Sheds Light On Early Human Development .
(They examined her Mitochondrial DNA)
"The results of the first studies were published in obscure scientific journals, which concluded, according to the Smithsonian Institution, that "the Neanderthal mtDNA sequences were substantially different from human mtDNA." (She was a Neanderthal). Source: "What Does It Mean to Be Human? Neanderthal Mitochondrial DNA," Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History website (accessed January 30, 2017). Available at:
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence...nd-neanderthals/neanderthal-mitochondrial-dna.
The conclusion that Neanderthals where not human predecessors according to mtDNA was published in
Nature.
"The conclusion of their report was shared in the peer-reviewed journal
Nature and directly stated that modern humans "were not, in fact, descended from Neanderthals." Source: Igor V. Ovchinnikov, Anders Gotherstrom, Galina P. Romanova, VItaly M. Kharitonov, Kerstin Liden, and William Goodwin. "Molecular Analysis of Neanderthal DNA from the Northen Caucasus,"
Nature, vol. 404 (2000), pp. 490-493. Available at:
Molecular analysis of Neanderthal DNA from the northern Caucasus.