What is the source of this picture? Is this a computer generation of what we would at + 1 billion years or an actual picture.
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Their LQG-based model, schematically illustrated in Fig. 1, is thus consistent with the predictions of inflationary theory and extends it in a continuous way to the Planck era.
Yes there are several hypothesis, the thing that separates them from theories is that they are, as yet, just ideas
The planck epoch was something less than 10e-43 of a second following the bb. The universe has been in motion, both by inflation and gravity ever since.
Until gravity began to take hold the universe is assumed to be a smooth, orderly quantum soup if that's what you want to call it. Over time, (A ripple here, a ripple there caused matter to clump forming spots of more intense gravity, there was nothing orderly about the location of these gravitational spots.
They disturbed surrounding matter and the effect spread. So within a few hundred million years the first stars formed and within billion years (a little more than the Planck era by the way) galaxies were forming. Each star and galaxy exerting a gravitational force on every other (in motion) star and galaxy.
I have often heard those who make the claim god dun it say the universe is ordered. Yet i have never heard a cosmologist say such. On the contrary. The gravity of a couple of hundred million stars in a galaxy, each exerting a force one every other star. And 2 trillion galaxies each exerting a force on every other galaxy indicates that far from being ordered. The interactions between masses are truly random in nature. As the universe expands and the entropy increases the randomness will continue to increase
BTW, simply because I don't have the technical speak in no way i am arguing from ignorance.