One thing I hate is ignorance of those who ramble off what they do not know.
here is a more in depth view of Hebrews and the afterlife.
refute this if you can
The Hebrew Scriptures' teachings on the afterlife: liberal viewpoint
This essay describes a common liberal interpretation of the beliefs of the ancient Hebrews concerning life after death. A conservative interpretation is explained
elsewhere on this web site.
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Judaism before 623 BCE. The ancient Israelites originally followed a polytheistic religion; their beliefs were identical to other Semitic peoples. The dead were believed to have led type of shadowy existence under the earth, without energy, and separated from God. People worshipped both their ancestors in the underworld and many Sky Gods in heaven..[/FONT]
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Judaism from 623 to 586 BCE:[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]from the introduction of monotheism to the Babylonian captivity. Belief in the gods of the underworld and ancestor worship ended. Polytheistic belief was abandoned. Yahweh alone is worshiped. They continued to believe that the dead lead a shadowy, totally isolated existence under the earth in Sheol, cut off from their relatives and from God.[/FONT]
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Judaism from 586 to 332 BCE: from the Babylonian captivity to the Greek invasion: Zoroastrian religious ideas are incorporated into the Jewish beliefs about Sheol. The faithful dead are viewed as being resurrected, to live a second life in a cleansed Jerusalem for 500 years. Then, they die, are annihilated, and are no more.[/FONT]
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Judaism during and after the Greek occupation. All the dead will be resurrected. They will be judged by God and sent either to an eternal reward or never-ending punishment. The Christian religion, having been founded by Jews, continued much of this belief system.[/FONT]
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Beliefs in Israel, up to 623 BCE:
Centuries ago, scholars coined the term "
Semitic" to refer to a group of civilizations in the Middle East which originally shared a similar language, culture and religion. These included the Assyrians, Babylonians, Canaanites, Hebrews, Phoenicians, etc. Prior to the official introduction of monotheism in ancient Israel by King Josiah in 623 BCE, Jewish beliefs about their Gods, the universe, and life after death appear to have paralleled closely those of the other Semitic cultures. The people interacted with the many "
sky gods" in heaven and the "
infernal deities" in the underworld:
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]The universe was conceived as consisting of 4 layers: a more or less flat earth floating on water, large caverns under the earth, a sky in the form of a dome over earth, and a heaven above the dome. Multiple "
sky gods" resided in heaven. A set of infernal deities lived under the earth, ruled over by a deity named "
Mot".[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]At a person's death, their soul went to live underneath the earth, in a place called
Sheol, or "
the Pit" or "
Earth." (A person's "soul" was believed to represent both their body and spirit).[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]Various English Bible version translate the Hebrew word "
Sheol" as
Grave,
Hell or
Pit; some leave it as
Sheol.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]Some of the dead became minor deities in Sheol. Their descendents who placed regular offerings of food and water on their tombs would reap blessings from these gods. Those who ignored their ancestors would be ignored or even harmed as punishment.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]The dead who received regular offerings from their descendents occupied the upper levels of Sheol, where life was easier. Those who were not remembered sank lower in the depths of the Pit. Those who had been improperly buried were sent to the lowest, most unpleasant area.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]The people worshiped multiple sky gods in public rituals. They also communicated with the gods of the netherworld in private, family rituals in which their ancestors were venerated.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]The dead could also be accessed through necromancy. 1
Samuel 28:7-20 describes how King Saul persuaded a medium at Endor to contact the spirit of the deceased Samuel in order to predict the future.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]If some favor was to be asked of the gods by the entire nation or community, the the priests conducted a public ritual. Adequate rain to grow the crops, or victory over neighboring tribes were common examples. If a favor for a family or an individual was sought, then a private ritual was conducted, to seek support from some of the inhabitants of Sheol. A long life and many children were common examples.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]The dead of all nations and all walks of life were sent to Sheol. There was no judgment day.
All individuals ended up in Sheol after death - both those who had led a righteous and those who were evil while on earth. See
Genesis 42:38 and Numbers
16:30-33.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]They believed that the inhabitants of Sheol were abandoned forever: [/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]A Psalm for the
Sons of Korah petitions God to save the writer from his expected death. "...
my life draws near To Sheol. I am reckoned among those who go down to the Pit; I am a man who has no strength, like one forsaken among the dead, like the slain that lie in the grave, like those whom thou dost remember no more, for they are cutoff from thy hand."
Psalms 88:3-5[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]"
You [God] restored me to health and let me live...In your love you kept me from the pit of destruction...For...those who go down to the pit cannot hope for your faithfulness." Isaiah 38:16-18. (NIV)[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]Since the plight of the dead was so discouraging, ancient Israelites believed that God rewarded a righteous man with a long life and many offspring. This is mentioned frequently in the Hebrew Scriptures, including
Psalms 127:3-5.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]The ancient Hebrews had no concept of heaven. The dead who had led the most righteous lives were not taken to be with God after death. (Enoch and Elijah were exceptions. They were directly taken up to heaven to be with God. They never died; they never went to Sheol). See
Genesis 5:24.[/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]Most writers of the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) portrayed Sheol as a grim place. Its inhabitants were seen as living a type of shadowy existence for all eternity. It was dark. "
The dead existed without thought, strength, or even consciousness."
1 [/FONT]
[FONT=trebuchet ms,arial,helvetica]Sheol is not at all related to the Christian Hell. There is no unending torture of humans there; just a ghostly existence. In its original form, there was a great deal of interaction between people living on earth and the inhabitants of Sheol.[/FONT]