Zosimus
Active Member
Good for you.Good job on your standardized test scores!
Also, my balls are warm. It feels nice. There's nothing wrong with a little personal cupping.
I think you just proved my point. Natural selection doesn't predict that humans originated in Africa. The conclusion that humans originated in Africa has a lot to do with DNA research and assumptions that are not related to natural selection in the slightest. So again, we're back to tacking by disjunction.Well, your required premise is a bit flawed because genotypic characteristics aren't physically expressed, and we are talking about phenotypes here, but whatever...
"There is a process in nature in which organisms possessing certain genotypic characteristics that make them better adjusted to an environment tend to survive, reproduce, increase in number or frequency and, therefore, are able to transmit and perpetuate those genotypic qualities to succeeding generations..."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_Eve
http://humanorigins.si.edu/research/asian-research-projects/earliest-humans-china
"...Therefore, all humans must have originated in Africa."
You had to look meiosis up?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiosis
So your answer for why genetic variations exist among human populations is...sex?
Dumb luck.That's certainly how it happens, yes. You're only halfway there, Bon Jovi.
What biological force decides which features are to be preferred in a given setting?
This is a bad question because science never tries to predict what organisms are fit in a given environment. Science just notes that one organism has done well, and comes in after the fact to rationalize why it did so.Which overarching factor in the life of an organism determines its fitness to a given environment?
Again, this is wrong. My wife is black whereas I'm white. Our noses are very different. Yet we live in the same geographical location. How does evolution explain that? It doesn't.Why do we find dark-skinned populations permeating warmer climates and light-skinned cultures permeating cooler ones? Why do we find eye and nose variations among populations that live in extreme environments, compared to those that live in more moderate locales?
No, you mean that you can rationalize it after the fact and claim that you predicted something when you did nothing of the sort.With even the slightest understanding of Natural Selection, those questions are readily answered.
So, again, it's a tautology.Sexual reproduction is the way in which information is passed on and varied, yes. But it doesn't answer why certain features become prominent within a population - Natural Selection does.
This is begging the question. One of your premises is "The amount of benefit or hindrance that mutations play in the life of any organism is directly related to it's function in a given environment, assuming of course that it's represented phenotypically."Mutations occur...
Similar to meiosis, mutations are simply one way in which information is changed in both individuals and populations over time. The amount of benefit or hindrance that mutations play in the life of any organism is directly related to it's function in a given environment, assuming of course that it's represented phenotypically. Non-beneficial mutations can be negative or netural. If they are detrimental to survival, they have a limited chance of being passed on to offspring. Beneficial mutations seem to permeate among populations because they increase an organism's fitness respective to their environment. What is beneficial in one environment may not be beneficial in another. Organisms reproduce for survival, and they pass on their own genetic make-up to their offspring. In doing so, positive or beneficial mutations have a better chance of becoming part of the standard gene pool of subsequent generations, creating a new common variation among a specific population.
....Therefore, natural selection.
Essentially you start by assuming natural selection and then conclude natural selection. Fundamentally, this is no different from the following argument.
"Everything that exists has a creator. Since natural forces cannot create a human being, supernatural forces must have been involved. Therefore, God." Great—but it's circular logic.
Well, try using Google next time.Our results were incredibly different
No, the basis of biology is the claim that the frequency of alleles varies from generation to generation. That's not the same as the other assumptions that together form neo-Darwinism.You are challenging a widely accepted academic standard and what is essentially the basis for all of Biology. You're going to have to support your position with just a little more finesse than screaming "Tracking by disjunction! Logical fallacy!"
No, that's not what I asked. I asked whether you thought that finding green apples verified that all ravens were black.The logical response to the supposed flaw of the Raven's paradox is written very clearly in the linked article. You asked for a Bayesian equation disputing it and I provided one, via the link.
Again, if you think that, then you didn't understand the Bayesian equation you posted, because the equation says that finding grains of sand does provide evidence that Richard Dawkins doesn't exist. So again, I think you need to go back and read the preface to the part of the Wikipedia article you posted, which reads: "One of the most popular proposed resolutions is to accept the conclusion that the observation of a green apple provides evidence that all ravens are black..."No. Billions of grains of sand have nothing at all to do with Richard Dawkins. If you want to study Richard Dawkins, you should study Richard Dawkins and not sand.
So once again, I think you need to learn how to read.
Once again, your link states otherwise.The same is true of the ravens being black. If you want to study Ravens you should just study Ravens. The color shoes that your mother wore when she married your father have nothing at all to do with ravens.
I wouldn't even know how to start.Here's one... If you wanted to support the idea of Jesus' divinty, how would you do it?
Speculation. Confirmation bias.We can use unicorn if you like - It wouldn't change anything. The point will remain that changes to populations occur, organisms adapt to their environment, and over the long-term whole populations evolve away from their parent populations becoming something else entirely. This happens anywhere along the taxonomic scale that you care to look.
You don't understand the argument you're railing against. Go back and re-read it.How do you know it wasn't a change in the wood or metal of the chair? You're just tracking by disjunction! There's no way to be sure that it was the electricity that killed the person. Confirmations don't prove anything.