Our source of knowledge regarding these topic are from Islam. That is from the Quraan and Hadith of the prophet peace be upon him. We believe that Jesus peace be upon him was a prophet like many other prophets and the next prophet after him, and the final one was Muhammad peace be upon him. All prophets essentially came and shared the same message which is worshiping God and only God and we believe Jesus peace be upon him was not different regarding that. However, the difference is that prophets came for there people only to share the message to their people, however Muhammad peace be upon him, since he is the final messenger, was sent for the whole mankind, and his message was preserved. That is why we only take the Quraan and the hadith as sources of information regarding stories of the prophets and such.
There are many verses that talk about Jesus peace be upon him in the Quraan. For example,
4:157 And [for] their saying, "Indeed, we have killed the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the messenger of Allah ." And they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him; but [another] was made to resemble him to them. And indeed, those who differ over it are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it except the following of assumption. And they did not kill him, for certain.
4:158
Rather, Allah raised him to Himself. And ever is Allah Exalted in Might and Wise.
3:55
[Mention] when Allah said, "O Jesus, indeed I will take you and raise you to Myself and purify you from those who disbelieve and make those who follow you [in submission to Allah alone] superior to those who disbelieve until the Day of Resurrection. Then to Me is your return, and I will judge between you concerning that in which you used to differ.
There is also a sequence of verses in the chapter of "Mary" talking about the birth of the prophet Jesus peace be upon him
19:16-36
16 And mention, [O Muhammad], in the Book [the story of] Mary, when she withdrew from her family to a place toward the east.
17 And she took, in seclusion from them, a screen. Then We sent to her Our Angel, and he represented himself to her as a well-proportioned man.
18 She said, "Indeed, I seek refuge in the Most Merciful from you, [so leave me], if you should be fearing of Allah ."
19 He said, "I am only the messenger of your Lord to give you [news of] a pure boy."
20 She said, "How can I have a boy while no man has touched me and I have not been unchaste?"
21 He said, "Thus [it will be]; your Lord says, 'It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign to the people and a mercy from Us. And it is a matter [already] decreed.' "
22 So she conceived him, and she withdrew with him to a remote place.
23 And the pains of childbirth drove her to the trunk of a palm tree. She said, "Oh, I wish I had died before this and was in oblivion, forgotten."
24 But he called her from below her, "Do not grieve; your Lord has provided beneath you a stream.
25 And shake toward you the trunk of the palm tree; it will drop upon you ripe, fresh dates.
26 So eat and drink and be contented. And if you see from among humanity anyone, say, 'Indeed, I have vowed to the Most Merciful abstention, so I will not speak today to [any] man.' "
27 Then she brought him to her people, carrying him. They said, "O Mary, you have certainly done a thing unprecedented.
28 O sister of Aaron, your father was not a man of evil, nor was your mother unchaste."
29 So she pointed to him. They said, "How can we speak to one who is in the cradle a child?"
30 [Jesus] said, "Indeed, I am the servant of Allah . He has given me the Scripture and made me a prophet.
31 And He has made me blessed wherever I am and has enjoined upon me prayer and zakah as long as I remain alive
32 And [made me] dutiful to my mother, and He has not made me a wretched tyrant.
33 And peace is on me the day I was born and the day I will die and the day I am raised alive."
34 That is Jesus, the son of Mary - the word of truth about which they are in dispute.
35 It is not [befitting] for Allah to take a son; exalted is He! When He decrees an affair, He only says to it, "Be," and it is.
36 [Jesus said], "And indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. That is a straight path."
If you are interested, here is a link for a comprehensive listing of the verses which talk about Jesus peace be upon him
http://www.4truth.net/fourtruthpbworld.aspx?pageid=8589953017
There are many things we know about Jesus peace be upon him through our prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, which happen to be the same as in Christianity, but there are differences also.