Why are hindus mostly vegetarian? Is it bad karma to eat animals?
Hi, and good question.
Firstly though, most Hindus are not vegetarian these days. I think with global influence the younger generations are more inclined to eat meat (at least from what I've seen in my country).
Hindus are vegetarian for a few reasons. One reason is that we believe animals are souls just like us and that they are conscious and have a high capacity to suffer, also like us (though the capacity varies from species to species). Therefore to cause suffering to an animal will indeed bring us karma meaning that we will have to one day incur the same suffering that we are responsible for causing.
Compassion and sympathy is not necessarily a religious reason but many Hindus (and important Hindu figures/gods) express love and care for animals and care about their welfare (especially cows who are seen as a symbol of the Mother).
Another reason is that everything in existence is embodied by a mode of nature. To explain this simplistically, the modes are: 'goodness', 'passion' and 'ignorance'. What we eat influences both our body and mind. Meat is considered to be in the mode of passion. It has always been considered suitable in Hinduism for those who live a life of passion- such as soldiers and kings. But for those who pursue a life of spirituality and peace, a vegetarian diet is most suitable. This is why the Brahmins (priest caste) have generally been vegetarian.
There are also arguments, although not exactly stated in scripture (as far as I know) that because consciousness is in all things and because everything we associate with or touch or but into our bodies directly affects us, we must also be affected by the consciousness of the creature that we are eating. When animals are killed, especially today with the practices of the meat industry, the animal suffers a lot and is filled with both pain and fear at the time of death. When we eat the flesh, we are putting that negativity into our own bodies.