To be honest, I still don't understand what capitalism is. If you ask 5000 people you get 5000 answers.
Yes, that is certainly true. But it's actually a simple concept. Capitalism is an economic system that gives control over commercial production to the capital investor. If you put up the money for some business enterprise, you get to call all the shots regarding how that enterprise is run regardless of how many other people's well-being are going to be effected by that business enterprise and by your decisions. And as we all know only too well, those decisions are nearly always going to be determined based on maximizing the profit returned to the capitol investor. And NOT on the well-being of all those being effected by that business enterprise, like the workers, the customers, the vendors, or the community in which the business operates. .
No one can explain when it started, who started it, what law would eliminate it, what the world looks like it without it, which countries have it and which don't. It seems like its a catch all for 'anything I don't like.'
There's a lot of inadvertent AND deliberate dishonesty going on with this subject because there are a lot of people that really don't want to face the reality that capitalism is nothing more than systematized greed. It's Darwinian economics. Wealth being rewarded with more wealth. The rich get richer and too bad for everyone else. The more investment capital you have to invest, the more control you have over the businesses you're invested in. And the more you will use that control to maximize the profit being returned to you on your investment. So now you have even MORE capital to invest.
It makes money predatory and the investor class the predators.
The investor class sure don't want to see themselves as being predators, though, and they sure don't want anyone else seeing them that way, either, or they might revolt. So they spend a lot of time and energy and money making sure we don't see it that way. Which is why you are experiencing such a deluge of contradictory information. The whole point is to make sure you don't know what to believe.
In modern times there are a couple of solutions to the problem of capitalist greed. One is to keep passing laws that try and mitigate the damage being done to society by all that capitalist greed. Trying to protect the workers, and the consumers, and the community and the environment. But that's always only addressing the symptoms, and not the actual problem. It's also always playing an endless game of 'whack-a-mole' as the "solutions" are always too little and too late.
Another method of trying to mitigate the damage done by capitalist greed is a bit more to the point. And that is to force the capital investors to share control over the commercial enterprises they are invested in with the other people being effected by it, like the laborers, the customers, the vendors, and the community. But this gets complicated and can still become corrupted. Not to mention that the capitalists will fight against it and try to corrupt it with everything they've got.
All is not hopeless, however, as most humans would prefer to live within their means and in harmony and cooperation with each other rather than live in constant competition for all the goodies; and surrounded by 'sharks'. So that if a viable possibility can be resented to them, most would be willing to take it,