One. This number, when used figuratively, conveys the thought of singleness, uniqueness, as well as unity and agreement in purpose and action. Jehovah our God is one Jehovah, said Moses. (De 6:4) He alone is Sovereign. He is unique. He does not share his glory with another, as is the case with pagan trinitarian gods. (Ac 4:24; Re 6:10; Isa 42:8) There is oneness in purpose and activity between Jehovah and Jesus Christ (Joh 10:30) and there should be complete unity of Christs disciples with God, with his Son, and with one another. (Joh 17:21; Ga 3:28) Such oneness is illustrated in the marriage arrangement.Ge 2:24; Mt 19:6; Eph 5:28-32.
Two. The number two frequently appears in a legal setting. Agreement in the accounts of two witnesses adds to the force of the testimony. Two witnesses, or even three, were required to establish a matter before the judges. This principle is also followed in the Christian congregation. (De 17:6; 19:15; Mt 18:16; 2Co 13:1; 1Ti 5:19; Heb 10:28) God adhered to this principle in presenting his Son to the people as mankinds Savior. Jesus said: In your own Law it is written, The witness of two men is true. I am one that bears witness about myself, and the Father who sent me bears witness about me.Joh 8:17, 18.
Doing something a second timefor example, repetition of a statement or vision, even in only a parallel wayfirmly established the matter as sure and true (as in Pharaohs dream of the cows and the ears of grain; Ge 41:32). Biblical Hebrew poetry is full of thought parallelism, which establishes more firmly in mind the truths stated and at the same time clarifies matters by the variety of wording in the parallelism.See Ps 2, 44, and others.
In Daniels prophecy a certain beasts having two horns symbolized duality in rulership of the Medo-Persian Empire.Da 8:20, 21; compare Re 13:11.
Three. While the testifying of two witnesses to the same matter established proof sufficient for legal action, three made the testimony even stronger. The number three, therefore, is used at times to represent intensity, emphasis, or added strength. A threefold cord cannot quickly be torn in two. (Ec 4:12) Emphasis was achieved in Jesus threefold questioning of Peter after Peters three denials of Jesus. (Mt 26:34, 75; Joh 21:15-17) The vision telling Peter to eat of all kinds of animals, including those unclean according to the Law, was intensified by being given to him three times. This doubtless made it easier for Peter to understand, when Cornelius and his household accepted the good news, that God was now turning his attention to uncircumcised people of the nations, considered unclean by the Jews.Ac 10:1-16, 28-35, 47, 48.
The intensity of Jehovahs holiness and cleanness is emphasized by the declaration of heavenly creatures: Holy, holy, holy is Jehovah. (Isa 6:3; Re 4:8) Before taking the last earthly king of the line of David off the throne, Jehovah said: A ruin, a ruin, a ruin I shall make it. As for this also, it will certainly become no ones until he comes who has the legal right, and I must give it to him. Here he emphatically showed there would be no Davidic kings sitting upon the throne at Jerusalem in his namethe throne would be absolutely vacantuntil Gods time to establish his Messiah in Kingdom power. (Eze 21:27) The intensity of woes to come to those dwelling on earth is forecast by the triple repetition of the declaration woe.Re 8:13.
Four. Four is a number sometimes expressing universalness or foursquareness in symmetry and form. It is found three times at Revelation 7:1. Here the four angels (all those in charge of the four winds, ready for complete destruction) stood on earths four corners (they could let loose the winds obliquely or diagonally, and no quarter of the earth would be spared). (Compare Da 8:8; Isa 11:12; Jer 49:36; Zec 2:6; Mt 24:31.) The New Jerusalem is foursquare, equal in every dimension, being in fact cubical in shape. (Re 21:16) Other figurative expressions using the number four are found at Zechariah 1:18-21; 6:1-3; Revelation 9:14, 15.
Six. This number at times represents imperfection. The number of the wild beast is 666 and is called a mans number, indicating that it has to do with imperfect, fallen man, and it seems to symbolize the imperfection of that which is represented by the wild beast. The number six being emphasized to a third degree (the six appearing in the position of units, tens, and hundreds) therefore highlights the imperfection and deficiency of that which the beast represents, or pictures.Re 13:18.
Seven. Seven is used frequently in the Scriptures to signify completeness. At times it has reference to bringing a work toward completion. Or it can refer to the complete cycle of things as established or allowed by God. By completing his work toward the earth in six creative days and resting on the seventh day, Jehovah set the pattern for the whole Sabbath arrangement, from the seven-day week to the Jubilee year that followed the seven-times-sevenyear cycle. (Ex 20:10; Le 25:2, 6, 8) The Festival of Unleavened Bread and the Festival of Booths were each seven days long. (Ex 34:18; Le 23:34) Seven appears often in connection with the Levitical rules for offerings (Le 4:6; 16:14, 19; Nu 28:11) and for cleansings.Le 14:7, 8, 16, 27, 51; 2Ki 5:10.
The seven congregations of Revelation, with their characteristics, give a complete picture of all the congregations of God on earth.Re 1:203:22.
The seven heads of the wild beast (Re 13:1) show the limit to which the beast would be allowed to develop. Although the scarlet-colored wild beast is called an eighth king, it springs from the seven and does not exist apart from the seven-headed wild beast (Re 17:3, 9-11), as is true also of the image of the wild beast. (Re 13:14) Similarly, the two-horned wild beast is actually coexistent with the original wild beast whose mark it tries to put on all persons.Re 13:11, 16, 17.
Jehovah was long-suffering with Israel but warned them that if, despite his discipline, they ignored him, he would then chastise them seven times, thoroughly, for their sins.Le 26:18, 21, 28.
In historical sections of the Scriptures, seven frequently occurs to denote completeness, or doing a work completely. The Israelites exercised full faith and obedience by marching for seven days around Jericho, encompassing it seven times on the seventh day, after which the city wall collapsed. (Jos 6:2-4, 15) Elijah showed full faith in the efficacy of his prayer to God by commanding his servant up on Mount Carmel to go looking at the sky seven times before a rain cloud appeared. (1Ki 18:42-44) Naaman the leper had to bathe seven times in the Jordan River. He, as a mighty Syrian general, had to display considerable humility to carry out this procedure recommended by the prophet Elisha, but for his obediently doing it, Jehovah cleansed him. (2Ki 5:10, 12) The purity, completeness, perfection, and fineness of Jehovahs sayings are likened with poetic force and intensity to silver refined in a smelting furnace, clarified seven times. (Ps 12:6) Jehovahs mercy is magnified by the statement: The righteous one may fall even seven times, and he will certainly get up. (Pr 24:16) His deserving all praise is declared by the psalmist: Seven times in the day I have praised you.Ps 119:164.
The book of Revelation abounds with symbolic use of the number seven in connection with the things of God and his congregation, and also the things of Gods Adversary, Satan the Devil, in his all-out fight to oppose God and his people.Re 1:4, 12, 16; 5:1, 6; 8:2; 10:3; 12:3; 13:1; 15:1, 7; 17:3, 10; and other texts.
Multiples of seven are used in a similar sense of completeness. Seventy (ten times seven) is employed prophetically in the seventy weeks of Daniels prophecy dealing with Messiahs coming. (Da 9:24-27; see SEVENTY WEEKS.) Jerusalem and Judah lay desolate 70 years, because of disobedience to God, until the land had paid off [completely] its sabbaths.2Ch 36:21; Jer 25:11; 29:10; Da 9:2; Zec 1:12; 7:5.
Seventy-seven, a repetition of seven in a number, was equivalent to saying indefinitely or without limit. Jesus counsels Christians to forgive their brothers to that extent. (Mt 18:21, 22) Since God had ruled that anyone killing Cain, the murderer, must suffer vengeance seven times, Lamech, who apparently killed a man in self-defense, said: If seven times Cain is to be avenged, then Lamech seventy times and seven.Ge 4:15, 23, 24.
Eight. The number eight was also used to add emphasis to the completeness of something (one more than seven, the number generally used for completeness), thus sometimes representing abundance. Jehovah reassured his people of deliverance from the threat of Assyria, saying that there should be raised up against the Assyrian seven shepherds, yes, [not merely seven, but] eight dukes of mankind. (Mic 5:5) As a fitting climax to the final festival of the sacred year, the Festival of Booths, the eighth day was to be one of holy convention, solemn assembly, a day of complete rest.Le 23:36, 39; Nu 29:35.