They did not. They simply viewed his opinion as one of many, and in principle they kept his commands. Hence they did not reject him.Why do you think the Jews rejected Jesus?
The NT was never meant to be a text on being a Christian, so the issue is confused when the world is full of churches which claim to recreate a lost Christianity using only that. They therefore get a very skewed view of Judaism and of Jews. In addition there is a phenomenon called paid clergy, an entire class of many thousands of people whose livelihoods depend upon silencing dissent even if it means framing 'The Jews'. It think the existence of paid clergy brings into question its opinions, so again there is no real crisis of the Jews rejecting Jesus. I doubt they will complain if Jesus succeeds, and Jesus himself says "Whoever is not against us is for us." (gospels)
No, it suggests that he harshly judges the Pharisees, the Sadducees and the leadership of his day. Jews always do that. Actually it is best to address different parts of the NT separately on this topic, not the NT as a whole.The new testament seems to suggest the jews who rejected Jesus were just arrogant but i'm not sure I buy that.