Adam was referred to the son of God too. As a matter of fact there are sons of God in the tons. However some added the phrase " the only begotten son"
The Son of God, the Word of God. This is very old thinking. Before the tribes of Israel.
The Son spoke to Hermes the Trismegistus. The Son is the Word of Creation. The tetragrammaton.
This is the only begotten Son. Man often take the Son as the Father. Because the Son is approachable, the Father is not so man sometime mistakes the Son for the Father.
You can also think of the Son as the Creator but the Son was also created. We are part of what was created. We can't know the Father and remain within creation.
In Islam, we say that God had told us about him what we need to know. We know nothing about him except what he tells us about. So when saying to the son... What do you exactly mean by it ?
The Son provides structure to our universe. Most Prophets communicate with the Son.
All the messengers had revelations and inspirations from God.
The Son really, but the Son speaks for the Father. Prophets speak for the Son and through the Son, they speak for the Father.
I love the prophet Jesus peace be upon him more than I love my self. Same as for the other prophets. As a matter of fact anyone who doesn't believe in one of the prophets, including Jesus peace be upon him is not a muslim.
Love others as you love yourself I think was what he asked. Still it is good IMO to venerate the Prophets because then you will venerate their teachings. Which doesn't mean they are perfect. It just means they are important.
Depends on what you meant by "son"
Let me say that this verse from the Quraan explains something in the bible:
Mathew 7:21-23
21 Not everyone who says to Me, Lord, Lord, shall enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father in heaven. 22 Many will say to Me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in Your name, cast out demons in Your name, and done many wonders in Your name? 23 And then I will declare to them, I never knew you; depart from Me, you who practice lawlessness!
Learn about the Tetragrammaton.
The verse in the Quraan I referred to explains the reason.
I just want to ask you about this. In Islam, the Quraan says that in every scripture, the name of the next messenger is mentioned so that you would follow him. In that sense, we believe that John 16:6-20
6 But because I have said these things to you, sorrow has filled your heart. 7 Nevertheless I tell you the truth. It is to your advantage that I go away; for if I do not go away, the Helper will not come to you; but if I depart, I will send Him to you. 8 And when He has come, He will convict the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment: 9 of sin, because they do not believe in Me; 10 of righteousness, because I go to My Father and you see Me no more; 11 of judgment, because the ruler of this world is judged.
12 I still have many things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now. 13 However, when He, the Spirit of truth, has come, He will guide you into all truth; for He will not speak on His own authority, but whatever He hears He will speak; and He will tell you things to come. 14 He will glorify Me, for He will take of what is Mine and declare it to you. 15 All things that the Father has are Mine. Therefore I said that He will take of Mine and declare it to you.[a]
Sorrow Will Turn to Joy
16 A little while, and you will not see Me; and again a little while, and you will see Me, because I go to the Father.
17 Then some of His disciples said among themselves, What is this that He says to us, A little while, and you will not see Me; and again a little while, and you will see Me; and, because I go to the Father? 18 They said therefore, What is this that He says, A little while? We do not know what He is saying.
19 Now Jesus knew that they desired to ask Him, and He said to them, Are you inquiring among yourselves about what I said, A little while, and you will not see Me; and again a little while, and you will see Me? 20 Most assuredly, I say to you that you will weep and lament, but the world will rejoice; and you will be sorrowful, but your sorrow will be turned into joy.
This for me is the Son. Not a physical being. It is perfectly acceptable to me that Muhammad spoke at times for the Father through the Son. However the Son is accessible to all men (and Women). Some just develop an unusually strong connection.