...The parable is often seen as a story of how the oppressed minority immigrants, gay people, people on parole are nice and therefore we should check our prejudices.
Samaritans, then, were not the oppressed minority: They were the enemy. We know this not only from the historian Josephus, but also from Luke the evangelist.
Just one chapter before our parable, Jesus seeks lodging in a Samaritan village, but they refuse him hospitality.
Moreover, Samaria had another name: Shechem. At Shechem, Jacobs daughter Dinah is raped or seduced by the local prince. At Shechem, the murderous judge Abimelech is based.
We are the person in the ditch, and we see the Samaritan. Our first thought: Hes going to rape me. Hes going to murder me.
Then we realize: Our enemy may be the very person who will save us. Indeed, if we simply ask where is Samaria today? we can see the import of this parable for the Israeli/Palestinian crisis.